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ORB: Online Reference Book for Medieval Studies. "ORB is an academic site, written and maintained by medieval scholars for the benefit of their fellow instructors and serious students. All articles have been judged by at least two peer reviewers. Authors are held to high standards of accuracy, currency, and relevance to the field of medieval studies."

Sex, Society and Medieval Women, An Exhibition from the University of Rochester -- contains information on many individual women, as well as excellent societal contextual material.

Early Women Masters: an eclectic collection worth browsing....

Worldwide Guide to Women in Leadership: This page is dedicated to the women who have ruled since the beginning of times.  Brief bios of hundreds of women.

Internet Medieval Source Book from Fordham University includes Saints' Lives and Witchcraft Documents [15th Century] as well as many other original documents.

Other Women's Voices: "The site offers an introduction to over 100 women who wrote a substantial amount before 1700 and whose work (or at least a good part of it) has been translated into modern English. All but three entries are on women who wrote in languages other than English; those three are on women who wrote in the English of the 1300s and 1400s. Almost all of the entries are on individuals; a few are on more than one woman." Site maintained by Dorothy Disse, a retired college teacher of research writing who finally has time to do---and share---her own research.

Early Women Artists by Sarah Whitworth with a variety of links including music, literature, painting and quilts.

DoHistory "invites you to explore the process of piecing together the lives of ordinary people in the past. It is an experimental, interactive case study based on the research that went into the book and film A Midwife's Tale, which were both based upon the remarkable 200 year old diary of midwife/healer Martha Ballard."

Medieval Women: Links from Georgetown University's The Labyrinth

Melisende's Women of History: biographies of many interesting ladies.

Medieval Women: Tradition and Counter-Tradition: course taught by Dr. Deborah Everhart at Georgetown University with links to information about medieval women writers.

Dominion and Domination of the Gentle Sex Lives of Medieval Women: An interactive site developed by Students for Think Quest.

Women & Religion: Internet Resources for Women and the Study of Religion. Includes: General Directories | Buddhism | Christianity | Islam | Judaism | Goddess & Pagan
Bibliographies

Muslim Women through Time: Lesson plan for Grades 8-12

Matrix: A collection of resources for the study of women's religious communities 500-1500 from Yale University

Feminae: Medieval Feminist Index covers journal articles, book reviews, and essays in books about women, sexuality, and gender during the Middle Ages.

Catholic Online: Saints and Angels: Pages for individual Roman Catholic Saints and information on Catholic beliefs about angels.

Heresy Handout: A Convenient Guide to Eternal Damnation:  an outline of the various heresies practiced in Medieval Europe (PDF format -- you need Acrobat to download it). Found on Dr. Kip Wheeler's extremely useful webpage .

The Witching Hours: a starting point for research into the great witch craze of 1100-1700.

 The Burning Times: documented incidents of the killing of witches from the 11^th century to the present.

Mysticism in World Religions: Mysticism is concerned with the nature of reality, the individual's struggle to attain a clear vision of reality, and the transformation of consciousness that accompanies such vision. This site explores the mystical traditions of six religions by comparing and contrasting quotations drawn from their respective literatures.

Women and Hagiography in Medieval Christianity from ORB

 Rabi´a al-Adawiyya , 8^th c.

Rabi´a al-Adawiyya: brief biography and links from Other Women's Voices

Doorkeeper of the Heart: Versions of Rabi'a

Sufism/Islamic Mysticism with links to Rabi'a

Sufi Links

Hildegarde von Bingen, 12th c.

Hildegard of Bingen: brief biography and links from Other Women's Voices

Lyrics in Latin and English with links to other Hildegarde sites

Annotated CD Discography: good information on Hildegarde's music and links to other sites, from Women's Early Music-Art-Poetry

Mahadevi, 12th c.

Akka Mahadevi /Mahadeviyakka: brief biography and links from Other Women's Voices

Scribbles on Akka: review of film about Mahadevi

Can You Peel Away Nakedness?: another review of the film

Bhakti: The Path of Devotion by Jyotsna Kamat

Hadewijch of Antwerp, 13^th c.

Divine Lady of Love in the Troubadour Tradition: Hadewijch from Women's Early Music-Art-Poetry

Marguerite Porete, 13th-14th c.

Marguerite Porete: brief biography and links from Other Women's Voices

Catherine of Siena, 14th c.

Catherine of Siena: brief biography and links from Other Women's Voices

Julian of Norwich and Margery Kempe 14^th c.

Julian of Norwich and Margery Kempe: brief biographies and links from Other Women's Voices

The Julian of Norwich Website

The Soul a City: Margery and Julian

Some Background on the Life of Margery Kempe

St. Teresa of Avila, 16^th c.

Teresa of Avila: brief biography and links from Other Women's Voices

St. Teresa of Avila from the Catholic Encyclopedia

 Empress Theodora, 6^th c.

The Empress Theodora from WebChron: The Web Chronology Project

Brothels, Baths and Babes: Prostitution in the Byzantine Holy Land

 Wu Chao, 7th c.

Wu Zetian (Wu Chao): biography from Women in World History

Power, Sexuality and Constraint: Life of Women in The T'ang Dynasty: conference paper abstracts

 Hilda of Whitby, 7th c.

St. Hilda and the Kings of Northumbria

St Hilda from the Catholic Encyclopedia

Khadija-tul-Kubry,  ca. 565-ca. 623

 Khadija-tul-Kubry, biography by Syed A.A. Razwy

Khadija Daughter of Khuwaylid: Wife of Prophet Muhammad by Yasin T. al-Jibouri

"Are Human Rights Compatible with Islam?The Issue of the Rights of Women in Muslim Communities" by Riffat Hassan

 Eleanor of Aquitaine, 12^th c.

Letter from Peter of Blois to Eleanor, 1173

Introduction to Eleanor of Aquitaine

Eleanor of Aquitaine: a brief biography, bibliography and links to other sites

"Marie de Champagne and Eleanor of Aquitaine: A Relationship Reexamined" by June Hall Martin McCash

  Queen Amina of Zazzau, 14^th c.

Amina Sarauniya Zazzau: brief biography from Distinguished Women of the Past and Present

Queen Amina of Zazzau Debuts in Jos: review of the play by Wale Ogunyemi

Queen Amina of Zazzau the play by Wale Ogunyemi

West African Kingdoms from the BBC's Story of Africa

WOMEN IN AFRICA: THEIR SOCIO-POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC ROLES: article from West Africa Review

Gifts for Queen Amina: curriculum unit for teaching about Women in History

The Forgotten Queens of Islam by Fatima Mernissi

Leaders and Rulers: the roles of African women in African society

  Jeanne d'Arc, 15^th c.

The Trial of Joan of Arc, 1431, from the Medieval Sourcebook

Joan of Arc: Letter to the King of England

International Joan of Arc Society: good academic source

St Joan of Arc Center, Albuquerque, NM, founded by Virginia Frohlich: mixed bag of popular, religious and academic information

  Isabella de Castile, 15^th -16^thc.

Isabella I of Spain: biography and links from About.Com's Women's History section

The Propagandistic Piety of Queen Isabella of Spain by Anna Marie Roos, U of MN

"Princess Isabella Elopes" by Richard Shepard in Old News: a lively account of Isabella's early years

 Queen Christina of Sweden, 17^th c.

Kristina Wasa, Queen of Sweden, 1626-1689

Delaware's Roots -- charter granted by Queen Christina

Film review of Queen Christina (1933) starring Greta Garbo

Hrotsvitha of Gandersheim, 10th c

Marie de France 12^th c..

International Marie de France Society contains much useful information and translations of many of her works.

Marie de France: brief biography and links from Other Women's Voices

The Lais of Marie de France Study Guide (12^th Century) from University of Washington State

Christine de Pizan, 14^th c.

The Epistle of Cupid by Christine de Pizan: A Middle English Version by Thomas Hoccleve

Christine de Pisan: brief biography and links from Other Women's Voices

Cupid's Letter and Christine de Pisan's Feminism: notes by Charity Cannon Willard

Christine de Pizan from Sex, Society and Medieval Women with excerpts from her writings.

Vittoria Colonna, 16^th c.

Vittoria Colonna: brief biography and links from Other Women's Voices

Biography of Vittoria Colonna by Ellen Moody of George Mason University

"Vittoria Colonna," poem by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

Portrait of Vittoria Colonna by Michelangelo

Selected Poetry of Aphra Behn (1640-1689) from Representative Poetry On-line prepared by members of the Department of English at the University of Toronto

The Aphra Behn Society: contains useful information and links to Behn's works online, other sites, etc.

The Aphra Behn Page: contains a chronology, primary sources, critics and links to other sites.

Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz, 17^th c.

Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz Project from Dartmouth University

Poetry by Sor Juana

Lecture on Sor Juana by Geoffrey Kantaris of Cambridge University

Study Guide for Classic Chinese and Japanese Love Poetry

 Murasaki Shikibu, 11^th c.

Murasaki Shikibu: brief biography and links from Other Women's Voices

Excerpts from the Writings of Lady Murasaki

Annotated Bibliography for Murasaki Shikibu

Illustrations from The Tale of Genji from the Tokugawa Museum

 Sei Shonagan, 11^th c.

Sei Shonagan: brief biography and links from Other Women's Voices

Rethinking Gender in Heian Literature, abstracts of papers

 Li Ch'ing Chao, 11^th-12^th c.

Annotated Bibliography for Li Ch'ing Chao

Li Qingzhao (Li Ching-Chao): brief biography and links from Other Women's Voices

"For the Love of a Man," student paper by Maria Fatima U. Cardoza, focusing on Li Ch'ing Chao.

Tzu Songs of Li Qingzhao (Li Ching-Chao) from Women's Early Music-Art-Poetry

Hypatia, 4th-5th c,

Hypatia of Alexandria from About.com

Hypatia: A Journal of Feminist Philosophy

Hypatia of Alexandria: variety of links and resources assembled by Howard A. Landman

Trotula of Salerno, 11^th c.

Trotula of Salerno brief biography from Malaspina Great Books

Sex and Medicine from Sex, Society and Medieval Women

The Trotula by Monica H. Green (MCC Venice Library: RG61 .T74 2001 )


  Anna Comnena, 11^th-12^th c.

Anna Comnena: brief biography and links from Other Women's Voices

Anna Comnena: The Alexiad: complete text from The Medieval Sourcebook

Anna Comnena from The Catholic Encyclopedia

Excerpt from The Alexiad with an Introduction

 Margaret Paston, 15^th c.

Margaret Paston: brief biography and links from Other Women's Voices

The Paston Letters and Papers of the 15th century from the University of Virginia's e-text archives.`

Resources for a Study of Sephardism and Gracia Mendes: biographical, historical information and links

Gracia Mendes from the Jewish Virtual Library

 Review of The Long Journey of Gracia Mendes by Marianna Birnbaum (MCC Venice Library DS135.P8 N373 2003 )

 Magdalena Behaim Paumgartner, 16^th -17^th c.

Literature as a Mirror of Reality: The Family in Historical and Sociological Perspectives: A Yale Teachers' Institute Curriculum

Magdalena Behaim Paumgartner: A Working Woman by Claudia Albert, MCC, 1999