Romanticism

Wanderer above the Sea of Fog by Caspar David Friedrich


Caspar David Friedrich, 
Wanderer above the Sea of Fog

Romanticism "designates a literary and philosophical theory that tends to see the individual at the center of all life, and it places the individual, therefore, at the center of art, making literature valuable as an expression of unique feelings and particular attitudes and valuing its fidelity in portraying experiences, however fragmentary and incomplete, more than it values adherence to completeness, unity, or the demands of genre.  Although romanticism tends at times to regard nature as alien, it more often sees in nature a revelation of Truth, the "living garment of God," and a more suitable subject for art than those aspects of the world sullied by artifice.  Romanticism seeks to find the Absolute, the Ideal, transcending the actual, whereas, REALISM finds in values in the actual and NATURALISM in the scientific laws that undergird the actual."

Harmon, William and C. Hugh Holman.
          "Romanticism." A Handbook  to Literature. 
          
7th ed. Upper Saddle  River, NY: Prentice Hall, 
           1995. 453. 

Romantic Characteristics
reaction against Neoclassical formalism
individualism
love of nature
revival of Medievalism: Gothic
sensibility
primitivism
idealization of rural life
use of folk and experimental forms
emphasis on lyric expression
sentimental melancholy
narcissism

Romantic Themes
revolutionary political ideas
the artist as genius, prophet, outlaw
wildness in nature
distrust of industrialism
imagination vs. reason
the "noble savage"
the common man
innocent childhood: tabula rasa
Woman as Other: siren, muse, faery
forbidden love: demonic, incest, etc.
lover as "mirror" of self

Romanticism
a good background and history from Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia
The Romantic Period  
from Norton Topics Online, The Norton Anthology of English Literature
Romantic Circles
a Website devoted to the study of Romantic-period literature and culture.
Romantics Unbound
a hypertextual learning space on Romanticism